How the design of industrial RO system is optimized for specific applications?
Currently, reverse osmosis (RO) is employed in a variety of applications, from local municipal drinking water applications to massive under-the-sink drinking water systems. Due to its ability to eliminate both dissolved ionic and organic contaminants, the method is widely recognized and employed.
Many RO membranes are
employed in big systems, and the cost of the membranes is high. Reverse osmosis
systems that are more expensive and classified as "heavy industrial"
or "municipal" have a different design philosophy than their smaller
commercial equivalents.
Although the system's
cost is crucial, optimal membrane performance and long-term operation are given
more weight. There are very few membranes on the system, and the 2.5" and
4" membranes range in price from $100 to $350. Therefore, despite the fact
that the performance may have been declining over time, the membranes are considered
disposable and changed every year or two.
Feed water sources
The first
consideration when building a reverse osmosis system is the feed water source.
Although industrial or municipal wastewater is a possibility, surface or well
water is often the water source for brackish water membranes (BWRO). It is
crucial to look into where the municipality gets its water, even if the source
is municipally treated water. As the features of the water supply will impact
the RO membrane operation, this enables the best system design.
The water supply
suggests that scaling and fouling are possible. The buildup of particles on the
feed spacer or membrane surface is referred to as fouling. Dissolved solids
from the feed water are precipitated out on the concentrate side of the
membrane during scaling, a chemical process. Scaling is most frequently caused
by calcium carbonate, barium sulphate, calcium sulphate, calcium fluoride, and
strontium sulphate.
Surface water can come
from reservoirs, lakes, rivers, etc. Due to seasonal variations in suspended
particles, biological pollutants, and total organic carbon, it is vulnerable to
fouling (TOC). Hardness, heavy metals, and total dissolved solids (TDS) levels
in surface water are typically low. Surface water is often chlorinated to
eliminate germs, which has a significant potential for organic fouling. The
amount of suspended solids may rise during rain.
Turbidity and Silt
Density Index are the two most accurate ways to measure suspended particles
(SDI). Nephelometric Turbidity Units (NTUs) are the most widely used units for
measuring turbidity, which rises as water's transparency (ability to scatter
light) declines.
For best results, the
turbidity should be less than 1.0 NTU. The RO inlet has acceptable SDI levels
of less than 5.0 (15-minute test), however for best performance, SDI should be
less than 3.0. Due to the earth's function as a natural filter as water sinks
underground, well water typically contains relatively little suspended
particles. Well water generally contains more dissolved particles, is
frequently hard, has more heavy metals, and may also include silica.
Based on the qualities
and source of the input water, RO pretreatment is optimised. By using
filtering, suspended particles are eliminated. While membrane filtration, such
as ultrafiltration, may filter down to 0.01 microns, media filtration is only
capable of filtering between 10 and 20 microns.
Why choose Nestsol!
Our team of experts in
water treatment system installation and maintenance is at your side at every
stage. Whether you are the manager of a multimillion dollar industrial
organisation or only need high-quality water treatment in a single building, we
handle every job the same way and provide you with unrivalled service.
When you work with
Netsol Water Solutions, you'll get the high-quality products, equipment, and
services you'd expect from a big corporation with the individualised attention
of a locally owned business. If you have any queries regarding our goods,
services, or support, you may contact us by phone at +91-9650608473 or
by email at enquiry@netsolwater.com
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